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Honorary Doctorate to Dr. Brenda Milnerpresented by Peter Walker Today, we have the privilege of honouring Dr. Brenda Milner by conferring upon her an honorary doctorate. In so doing, the University of Ottawa is celebrating a brilliant research career in neuropsychology that has substantially added to the scientific understanding of the structure and function of the brain in learning, memory and speech. To briefly describe the career of such an imminent laureate is not a simple task. Fondatrice et directrice du Département de psychologie de l’Institut neurologique de Montréal, et professeure titulaire au Département de neurologie et de neurochirurgie de l’Université McGill depuis 1970, Mme Milner, neuropsychologue respectée, s’est acquis une renommée internationale. Au cours des 50 dernières années, ses travaux ont eu une influence prépondérante sur le développement des connaissances de la mémoire et servi de référence à une génération entière de chercheurs à travers le monde. Les innombrables prix et distinctions professionnels qu’elle a reçus expriment bien la reconnaissance que lui témoigne le milieu scientifique. Dr. Brenda Milner was born in Manchester, England; she was nurtured by a mother who sang opera and a father who was an intellectual and a musician. Thanks to a scholarship, she attended the prestigious University of Cambridge, where she developed an interest in experimental psychology, a new discipline at the time associated with the moral sciences. With her studies just barely completed, Dr. Milner, like many researchers at the time, was recruited by the Royal Air Force and worked in a research laboratory during the Second World War. In 1994, she and her husband Peter immigrated to Canada and arrived in Montréal. The young scientist quickly became interested in lectures given at McGill University by eminent psychology professor Donald Hebb, who took her under his wing as a post-doctoral student. In 1949, she continued her work alongside such luminaries as Dr. Wilder Penfield at the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI). In 1952, she received a PhD for an investigation of the intellectual effects of temporal lobe damage in humans which revolutionized the study of memory. Parallèlement, elle enseigne durant sept ans à l’Université de Montréal avant de devenir, en 1953 et jusqu’à maintenant, professeure au Département de neurologie et de neurochirurgie de l’Université McGill. Commencées dès 1939 à Cambridge, ses recherches sur la perception se sont poursuivies à l’Institut neurologique de Montréal, où elle est la première à œuvrer en psychologie expérimentale. En 1972, elle reçoit un doctorat ès sciences en psychologie expérimentale de l’université de Cambridge. A l’Institut de neurologie de Montréal, l’un des plus grands instituts du genre au monde, Brenda Milner fait figure de légende vivante. Ses réalisations ne se comptent plus, et son œuvre scientifique a été soulignée par plusieurs pays, outre de lui valoir une grande renommée auprès de ses pairs ainsi que de nombreuses récompenses, dont le prix Wilder-Penfield en recherche biomédicale en 1993. Les nombreux étudiants diplômés formés par la professeure émérite qu’est Brenda Milner ont par la suite mis sur pied des cliniques de neuropsychologie en milieu universitaire et hospitalier au Canada et dans le monde. Dr. Milner has published over 100 papers and remains involved with many of the major organizations in neurology and psychology. She maintains an enviable reputation as a distinguished lecturer in brain research as the first Dorothy Killam Professor of Neurology and Neurosurgery at the Montreal Neurological Institute and McGill University. Dr. Milner is a member of several learned societies, such as the Royal Society of Canada, as well as an affiliate member of the Royal Society of London and the National Academy of Sciences in the United States. Dr. Milner’s work has been widely recognized by her scientific peers through numerous awards. In 1983, she received the Izaak Walton Killam Memorial Award, given by the Canada Council for the Arts. In 1984, she was named Officer of the Order of Canada and, in 1985, Officier de l’Ordre national du Québec. Last January, she became the first scientist outside the United States to receive the Neurosciences Award from the National Academy of Sciences. This prize is awarded every three years; previous recipients of this prestigious award include a number of Nobel and Lasker Award winners. Professor Milner joined this distinguished company of scientists at an award ceremony in Washington D.C. in April. As stated by Professor Eric Kandel of Columbia University, himself a Nobel laureate, “Her delineation of memory dysfunction after lesions of the hippocampus has provided the basis for modern understanding of memory and for the divisions of memory storage mechanisms into explicit and implicit forms. The origins of modern cognitive neuroscience of memory can be traced directly to her rigorous and imaginative studies.” Her current research focuses on the specialization of the brain hemispheres with a particular interest in the role of the right hemisphere in remembering the location of objects. Toujours active en recherche (elle est chercheure de carrière du Conseil de recherche médicale du Canada depuis 1964), cette pionnière de la psychologie expérimentale a reçu une quinzaine de doctorats honorifiques et rejoint, en 1997, Norman Bethune et Frederick Banting au Temple de la renommée médicale canadienne. Dans le milieu, plusieurs estiment que Brenda Milner est à la psychologie ce que Pasteur fut à la bactériologie. « Elle est nobélisable », affirmait récemment à un journal David Coleman, le directeur général de l’Institut neurologique de Montréal. Amoureuse des langues et inspirée par le contexte culturel montréalais, cette trilingue (elle parle aussi l’italien!) a également étudié les zones du cerveau sollicitées dans l’apprentissage d’une langue seconde. Conférencière réputée, Brenda Milner n’a pas ralenti son rythme et donne des conférences partout à travers le monde, quand elle ne poursuit pas son travail à l’Institut où elle se rend encore chaque matin, dans l’espoir d’en découvrir toujours un peu plus sur les mystères du cerveau humain. Chancellor, in the name of the Senate of the University of Ottawa, I present to you, for the degree of Doctor of the University, Brenda Milner, an exceptional woman with great dignity and great passion whose life work is a source of inspiration for all our graduates. |
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