The Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health addresses health disparities observed among people from Black communities, deficiencies in training for health professionals and research, and gaps in care and public health policy concerning them.

Members of the Centre

Dr. Idrissa Beogo 

Idrissa Beogo is an assistant professor at the School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa. Educated in Asia, Africa, and Canada, Idrissa Beogo draws on his background in nursing, public health, and health administration, along with his clinical, teaching, and health service management experience, to enrich his courses and research on various vulnerable groups. He has also worked in community nursing and, in Canada, in long-term care. Idrissa Beogo’s research interests include aging in minority settings and telehealth, perinatal care, nursing education, health services organization and management, and international health. An early-career researcher, he is the principal investigator and co-investigator for several studies funded by local, provincial, and federal agencies in Canada.

Publications

Beogo I; Bationo NJ-C; Collin S; Tapp D; Ramdé J; Gagnon MP; Tchouaket NE; Sia D (2022). Promising Best Practices Implemented in Long-Term Care Facilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic to Address Social Isolation and Loneliness: A Scoping Review. Journal of Long-Term Care, pp. 298–311. https://doi.org/10.31389/jltc.138 

Beogo I., Sia D., Bourrier P., Vigier D., Bationo NJ-C., Côté A., Nguemeleu, E.T. (2022) Factors associated with health-seeking behavior amongst children in the context of free market: House hold study in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 2011. PLoSONE 17(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271493 

Idrissa Beogo

Dr. Sarah Berger Richardson

Sarah is an Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Law (Civil Law Section) of the University of Ottawa where she teaches food law and policy, administrative law, and civil liability. Her research focuses on the regulation of food and agricultural systems, with a particular emphasis on ethical and sustainable practices in animal agriculture.  

She is currently working on a project exploring the impact of slaughter line production speeds on food safety, occupational health and safety, and animal welfare in abattoirs. 

View her current projects

Publications

Berger Richardson, S. (2022). Responding to Regulatory Barriers to “Ethical Meat”: Are On-Farm Slaughter Exemptions the Solution? Canadian Journal of Law and Society / Revue Canadienne Droit Et Société, 37(2), 295-316. doi:10.1017/cls.2022.10 

Sarah Berger Richardson. (2021). From Slow Food to Slow Meat: Slowing line speeds to improve worker health and animal welfare in Canadian abattoirs, Alberta Law Review, Volume 59, Issue 1  https://albertalawreview.com/index.php/ALR/article/view/2666/2618 

Sarah Berger Richardson

Dr. Ivy Bourgeault

Ivy Lynn Bourgeault, PhD, is a Professor in the School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies at the University of Ottawa and the University Research Chair in Gender, Diversity and the Professions. She leads the Canadian Health Workforce Network and the Empowering Women Leaders in Health initiative. Recent projects focus on care relationships in home and long term care, and on psychological health and safety of professional workers. She has been a consultant to various provincial Ministries of Health in Canada, to Health Canada, the pan American Health Organization (PAHO), the OECD and to the World Health Organization. Board experience includes the Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative, the Institute of Health Services and Policy Research at the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the international journals, Human Resources for Health and Frontiers in Sociology. She was inducted into the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences in September 2016 and received the 2016/17 University of Ottawa Award for Excellence in Research. 

Publications

Mathews, M. ., Bourgeault, I., & Ryan, D. (2022). Perceptions of bias in the selection of international medical graduate residency applicants in Canada. Canadian Medical Education Journal. https://doi.org/10.36834/cmej.73320 

James, Y., Bourgeault, I., Gaudet, S., & Bujaki, M. . (2021). Care Work and Academic Motherhood: Challenges for Research and Tenure in the Canadian University. Canadian Journal of Higher Education, 51(4), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v51i4.189061

Ivy Bourgeault

Dr. Danielle Brown-Shreves 

Dr. Danielle Brown-Shreves is a family physician with a passion for serving others. She aims to touch humankind through medicine. Dr. Brown-Shreves completed her medical degree in Jamaica followed by a family medicine specialty at the University of Ottawa. Years later she decided to pursue her passion for global health at Northwestern University in Chicago, where she completed her Master of Science in Global Health. Dr. Brown-Shreves opened the first black-led interdisciplinary clinic of its kind in Ottawa. She is the CEO and founder of Restore Medical Clinics. Her practice is focused on providing comprehensive, collaborative and compassionate care to the community with an emphasis on vulnerable populations. In addition to her clinical accomplishments, she has various academic achievements. Dr. Brown-Shreves an assistant professor at Queen’s University and holds an adjunct appointment at the University of Ottawa. In this role, she is an avid preceptor and supports many students throughout their training. Dr. Brown-Shreves is a healthcare leader who sits on several leadership tables both locally and provincially, contributing to community health, well-being and health system change. Dr. Brown-Shreves is also an involved community member. In 2018, she founded the Restore International Foundation, a charity organization that serves vulnerable populations by increasing access to medical care and education for those who are historically marginalized. She selflessly volunteers her time advocating for the needs of others and her work has had an impact on a global scale. 

Publications: 

Chin, K. J., Perlas, A., Chan, V., Brown-Shreves, D., Koshkin, A., & Vaishnav, V. (2011). Ultrasound imaging facilitates spinal anesthesia in adults with difficult surface anatomic landmarks. The Journal of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, 115(1), 94-101. 

Parrington, S. J., O'Donnell, D., Chan, V. W., Brown-Shreves, D., Subramanyam, R., Qu, M., & Brull, R. (2010). Dexamethasone added to mepivacaine prolongs the duration of analgesia after supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade. Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, 35(5), 422-426. 

Subramanyam, R., Vaishnav, V., Chan, V. W., Brown-Shreves, D., & Brull, R. (2011). Lateral versus medial needle approach for ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block: a randomized controlled trial. Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, 36(4), 387-392. 

Dr Danielle Brown-Shreves

Dr. Lisa Caulley  

Dr. Lisa Caulley is an Associate Scientist in the Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology of the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute. She is an assistant professor in the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of the University of Ottawa. She has a master’s in public health from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. She completed an editorial fellowship with the New England Journal of Medicine and a fellowship in advanced sinus and skull base surgery at the Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust. She is pursuing a doctoral degree in clinical epidemiology and decision sciences from Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam. Her research focuses on the use of high-quality evidence to guide decision-making in health practice and policy. 

Publications

Caulley, L., Whelan, J., Khoury, M., Mavedatnia, D., Sahlollbey, N., Amrani, L., Eid, A., Doyle, MA., Malcolm, J.,Alkherayf, F., Ramsay, T., Moher, D., Johnson-Obaseki, S., Schramm, D., Hunink, MGM., Kilty, SJ. (2022). Post-operative surveillance for somatotroph, lactotroph and non-functional pituitary adenomas after curative resection: a systematic review. Pituitary, DOI: 10.1007/s11102-022-01289-x 

Caulley, L., Krijkamp, E., Doyle, Ma., Thavorn, K., Alkherayf, F., Sahlollbey, N., Dong, SX., Quinn, JQ., Johnson-Obaseki, S., Schramm, D., Kilty, SJ., Hunink, MGM. (2022). Cost-effectiveness of direct surgery versus preoperative octreotide therapy for growth-hormone secreting pituitary adenomas. Pituitary 25(9937), DOI: 10.1007/s11102-022-01270-8  

Lisa Caulley 

Dr. Yin Yuan Chen  

Y.Y. Brandon Chen (SJD, MSW, JD, University of Toronto; BSc, Emory University) is an Assistant Professor at the University of Ottawa’s Faculty of Law, Common Law Section. A lawyer and social worker by training, Professor Chen’s research program examines laws and policies at the intersection between health and international migration, particularly the mechanics of health inequities facing noncitizens and racialized minorities. His published work has addressed such topics as health rights litigation, migrant and refugee health, social determinants of health, health care solidarity, and medical tourism. He is currently a member of the University of Ottawa’s Centre for Health Law, Policy and Ethics; Public Law Centre; and Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health. Besides his scholarly pursuits, Professor Chen engages in a variety of community-based work and pro bono legal services. He has also served as a member of the board of directors for several non-profit organizations, including the HIV Legal Network, and the Committee on Accessible AIDS Treatment, and the Canadian Centre on Statelessness. Professor Chen currently teaches in the areas of public and constitutional law, health law, and immigration and refugee law. 

Publications

Chen, Y.Y.B. (2022). International Migrants' Right to Sexual and Reproductive Health Care. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 157(1), 210-215.   

Chen, Y.Y.B., Gruben, V., & Liew, J. (2018). "A Legacy of Confusion": An Exploratory Study of Service Provision under the Reinstated Interim Federal Health Program. Refuge, 34(2), 94-102. 

Yin Yuan Chen 

Dr. Junio Dort 

After earning his bachelor’s degree in food sciences (Université d’État d’Haïti), Dr. Dort was awarded several international scholarships to pursue a master’s degree at the Université Catholique de Louvain, in Belgium, and a PhD at Université Laval, in Canada. Following his Ph. D, he worked as a nutrition consultant for several international non-profit organizations, such as HarvestPlus, which implement programs to enhance food security in Haiti. Then, Dr Dort completed a postdoctoral training at the CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center in Dr Nicolas Dumont’s lab, where he investigated therapeutic compounds that target inflammation and muscle stem cell dysfunction with the goal of treating muscular dystrophies. His research was supported by fellowships from the Muscular Dystrophy Association and AFM-Telethon 

Publications :

Soulez M, Tanguay PL, Dô F, Crist C, Dort J, Kotlyarov A, Gaestel M, Dumont NA, Meloche, S. Erk3‐MK5 signaling regulates myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration by promoting FOXO3 degradation. Journal of Cellular Physiology. 2022;237(4):2271-2287. doi:10.1002/jcp.30695 

Dort J, Orfi Z, Fabre P, et al. Resolvin-D2 targets myogenic cells and improves muscle regeneration in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Nature Communications. 2021;12(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26516-0 

Deprez A, Orfi Z, Radu A, Ying H, Dartora DR, Dort J, Dumont NA, Nuyt AM. Transient neonatal exposure to hyperoxia, an experimental model of preterm birth, leads to skeletal muscle atrophy and fiber type switching. Clinical Science. 2021. doi:10.1042/cs20210894 

Dr Junio Dort

Dr. Kaylee Eady 

Kaylee Eady, Ph.D., is an Assistant Professor in Health Professions Education. She holds a Ph.D. in Rehabilitations Sciences and she completed a Postdoctoral Fellowship in Health Professions Education from the University of Ottawa. She also holds an Honors Bachelor’s and a Master’s degree in Psychology. Prior to joining our Faculty, she was a Senior Research Associate at the Centre for Research on Educational and Community Services. She was also an Investigator in the Evidence to Practice Research Program at the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, as well as a Health Professions Education Methodologist and Analyst. Professor Eady’s research focuses on engaging patients and family members in health professions education, program evaluation, and the improvement of health services. She is experienced in assessment, curriculum and program development, and program evaluation. She also has expertise in mixed-methods and qualitative research designs. 

Publications

Moreau, K. A. & Eady, K. (2021). Children’s art in Health Professions Education The Clinical Teacher, 18, 477– 478. 

Balasa, R., Chartrand, J., Moreau, K., Tousignant, K., & Eady, K. (2020). Patients’ and parents’ perspectives of and experiences with assessing nursing students’ paediatric clinical practice, Journal of Clinical Nursing, 30, 217-228. 

Kaylee Eady

Dr. Audrey Ferron Parayre 

Professor Ferron-Parayre's overall interest is in the fit between health care norms and clinical practices. Her research interests include informed consent to care in different contexts, women's reproductive health and advance medical directives. 

Publications

Ferron Parayre, A. (2021). Le défaut d’information et sa difficile compensation en responsabilité civile médicale : quelle place pour le préjudice d’impréparation en droit québécois ?, Revue générale de droit, Volume 50, Issue 2, (373-395) https://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/rgd/2020-v50-n2-rgd05777/1074600ar/ 

Lévesque, S; Ferron Parayre, A. (2021). To Use or Not to Use the Term ‘Obstetric Violence’: Commentary on the Article by Swartz and Lappeman, Violence Against Women, Volume 27, Issue 8, 00 

Ferron-Parayre

Dr. Awad Ibrahim 

Air Canada Endowed Professor in Anti-Racism. Research interests include Anti-racism, anti-Black racism, Black youth studies, curriculum. Awad Ibrahim is a full professor at the Faculty of Education and holds the Air Canada Professorship on Anti-racism. He is a Curriculum Theorist with interest in critical Black studies, Hip-Hop, youth and Black popular culture, social justice, cultural studies, social foundations community service learning, diasporic and continental African identities, ethnography and applied 

Check out his blog: On Becoming

Publications

Ibrahim, A., Barnawi, O.Z. (2023). The Past, Present, and Future of Higher Education in the Arabian Gulf Region: Critical Comparative Perspectives in Neoliberal Era. Routledge, https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003049609 

Ibrahim, A. (2022). What Have Deleuze and Guattari Got to Do with Blackness? A Rhizomatic Analysis of Blackness. In Ibrahim, A., Kitossa, T., Smith, M., & Wright, H. (Eds.). Nuances of Blackness in the Canadian academy: Teaching, learning, and researching while Black

Awad Ibrahim

Dr. Lerona Lewis 

Professor in Black Youth Studies. Lerona Lewis is an Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Education. Her research interests are focused on Black youth studies and her area of expertise are families, schools, community relations, and the social practices that shape Black children's schooling experiences in K-12 contexts. She has experience in Teacher Education with a focus on science education in English speaking and Francophone Caribbean countries. 

Publications 

Lewis, L.D., Benoit, O., Lewis, L. (2021). The Education System of Grenada. In: Jornitz, S., Parreira do Amaral, M. (eds) The Education Systems of the Americas. Global Education Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41651-5_4

Lewis, L. D., & Steinert, Y. (2020). How culture is understood in faculty development in the health professions: A scoping review.  Academic Medicine, 95(2), 310-319.  

Lerona Lewis

Dr. Angus McMurtry 

Research interests include learning theories, teaching strategies, complexity science, interdisciplinary theorizing, socio-material learning theory, interprofessional health teamwork and action research. These wide-ranging interests emerged from a diverse (even confusing) background, which includes degrees in philosophy, law and education; practical experience in small business and educational software development; and finally, the wonderful opportunity of interviewing nearly 1,000 people from different occupational areas.

View uOttawa profile

Publications

Grant, R., McMurtry, A. & Archibald, D. (2023). Mapping Health Professions Education: Using Complexity Science to Make Sense of Learning Through Electronic Consultations, Medical Science Educator, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-023-01730-1  

Landriault, A. & McMurtry A. (2021), The perceived contributions of non-physician team members to residents’ interprofessional education during a critical care rotation, The Canadian Medical Education Journal, 12, 76-80. 

Angus McMurtry

Dr. Mwali-Nachishali Muray 

Mwali Muray, RN, BScN, MBA, PhD, is an assistant professor at the University of Ottawa, School of Nursing. Her doctoral research focused on official language minority communities in Ontario, examining the experiences of Francophone patients and their nursing care providers. She has taught courses including “Cardiac Arrhythmia” and “Complex Nursing Care,” and has guest lectured for several undergraduate and graduate courses in both English and French. Further administration and education experience include her role as Clinical Education Leader at the Laurentian University School of Nursing, and as Clinical Nurse Educator at the Institut du Savoir Montfort. Her clinical experiences include working as an emergency staff nurse in Sudbury as well as in Ottawa. 

Publications

Muray, M., Peguero-Rodriguez, G., Scarlett, E., Perron, A. & Chartrand, J. (2022). L’accès aux soins de santé des communautés de langue officielle en situation minoritaire (CLOSM) au Canada : une recension des écrits. Minorités linguistiques et société / Linguistic Minorities and Society, (19), 62–94. https://doi.org/10.7202/1094398ar 

Dabone, C., Mbagwu, I., Muray, M. et al. (2022). Global Food Insecurity and African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) Populations During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Rapid Review. J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities 9, (420–435). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-021-00973-1 

Mwali-Nachishali Muray 

Dr. Assumpta Ndengeyingoma  

Dr. Ndengeyingoma is a professor in the Department of Nursing at the Université du Québec en Outaouais. Researcher at the Institut universitaire en DI et en TSA. Partner in the Vulnerability, Trauma, Resilience and Culture Laboratory at the University of Ottawa. Regular researcher at the Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux de l'Outaouais. Preventive health practice - Self-care - Health literacy - Vulnerable groups - Immigration. Her research focuses on the prevention of diseases among people at risk. She is particularly interested in issues related to self-management of their health and health problems, considering all the contextual realities in which this self-management applies. In her work at the Institute, she is interested in the psychosocial determinants that influence the health of people with an intellectual disability or an autism spectrum disorder. In addition to living with the vulnerabilities associated with their health condition, these individuals are exposed to other family and social determinants that have major impacts on their physical and mental health. 

Publication

Ruel, J., Moreau, A., Ndengeyingoma, A., Arwidson, P. & Allaire, C. (2019). Littératie en santé et prévention du cancer. Santé Publique, 2, 75-78. https://doi.org/10.3917/spub.197.0075 

Kogan CS; Noorishad PG; Ndengeyingoma A; Guerrier M; Cénat JM. (2022). Prevalence and correlates of anxiety symptoms among Black people in Canada: A significant role for everyday racial discrimination and racial microaggressions. J Affect Disord. 308: 545-553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.110 

Dr. Assumpta Ndengeyingoma  

Dr. Smita Pakhale 

Dr. Pakhale joined The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and The Division of Respirology at the The Ottawa Hospital in 2008. Previous to that Dr. Pakhale completed her medical training at the Government Medical College, Nagpur, India and her Internal Medicine residency at Columbia University, New York, NY, USA, becoming an American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certified internist. 

She went on to complete a Lung Transplantation and Cystic Fibrosis fellowship at the University of Toronto and Respirology and Critical Care Medicine Fellowship at the University of Manitoba. Upon completion of her fellowships at the University of Toronto and the University of Manitoba, she was awarded Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (FRCPC) in Internal Medicine (2005) and Respirology (2006). Most recently, she joined McGill University as a post-doc research fellow and simultaneously completed training in Epidemiology and Biostatistics for which she received an MSc (2008). Dr. Pakhale has received $22 million dollars in peer reviewed grants as either principle investigator or co-principle investigator. Her focus in research includes community-based participatory action research at the Bridge Engagement Center (the Bridge), as well as research in sickle cell disease, bronchial asthma, cystic fibrosis (CF), COPD and lung transplantation. She has published 89 peer-reviewed articles and two book chapters. She was an active member of the Tobacco Action Committee of the American Thoracic Society (ATS) for over a decade since 2011. Her novelty approach in working in partnership with the urban poor population (i.e. people who are homeless and at-risk for homelessness, low-income racialized, including Indigenous people) has been featured on national and international platforms. 

Publications: 

Charron, C. B., Hudani, A., Kaur, T., Rose, T., Florence, K., Jama, S., & Pakhalé, S. Assessing community (peer) researcher’s experiences with conducting spirometry and being engaged in the ‘Participatory Research in Ottawa: Management and Point-of-care for Tobacco-dependence’ (PROMPT) project. Research Involvement and Engagement. (2018), 4(1).  

Pakhale, S, Tina Kaur, Charron, C, Florence, K, Rose, R, Jama, S, Boyd, B, Haddad, J, Alvarez, G, Tyndall, M. Management and Point-of-Care for Tobacco Dependence (PROMPT): a feasibility mixed methods Community Based Participatory Action Research project in Ottawa, Canada. BMJ open 8.1 (2018): e018416. 

Pakhale, S., , Kaur T, Florence K, Rose T, Boyd R, Haddad J, Pettey D, Muckle W, Tyndall M. The Ottawa Citizen Engagement and Action Model (OCEAM): A Citizen engagement Strategy Operationalized Through The Participatory Research in Ottawa, Management and Point-of-care of Tobacco (PROMPT) Study, A Community Based Participatory Action Research Project in Inner City Ottawa. BioMed Central: Research Involvement and Engagement. 2016, 2:20 

Dr Smita Pakhale

Dr. Roland Pongou  

Dr. Pongou is a Full professor of economics at the University of Ottawa. His primary research interests lie at the intersection of political economy, health, human capital, and economic development. His work explores the microeconomic foundation of formal and informal institutions and their impacts on various aspects of individual and societal well-being. His recent research examines political design, justice, and fairness issues in complex societies. 

Publications 

Pongou R, Ahinkorah BO, Maltais S, Mabeu MC, Agarwal A, Yaya S (2022) Psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. PLoS ONE 17(11): e0277238. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277238 

Aseem Mahajan, Roland Pongou, Jean-Baptiste Tondji. (2023). Supermajority politics: Equilibrium range, policy diversity, utilitarian welfare, and political compromise, European Journal of Operational Research, Volume 307, Issue 2, (963-974) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2022.10.018. 

Dr Roland Pongou

Dr. Joanne Savory 

Dr. Savory’s research examines how transcription factors work during development. Since joining the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, she has investigated the upstream control mechanisms and downstream effects of Cdx genes, a key transcription factor family responsible for growth and patterning of the developing vertebrate embryo.   She also teaches a range of topics in human anatomy and physiology to undergraduate students from several faculties. 

Publications

Savory JGA, Edey C, Hess B, Mears AJ, Lohnes D (2014) Identification of novel retinoic acid target genes Dev Biol 395:199-208 

Savory JGA, Mansfield M, St Louis C, Lohnes D. (2011) Cdx4 is a Cdx2 target gene. Mech Dev. 128(1-2) 

Joanne Savory

Dr. Ewurabena Simpson 

Dr. Ewurabena Simpson received her medical degree from McGill University in 2005. She completed her general pediatrics training and hematology/oncology fellowship at the Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto in 2012. During her fellowship training, she also completed a Master’s in public health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in 2010. Dr. Simpson joined the Division of Hematology/Oncology at the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) in 2012. Dr. Simpson’s clinical interests pertain to pediatric hemoglobinopathies, general hematology and thromboembolic diseases. Her research interests are in health systems improvement for children and adults with hemoglobinopathies and other chronic hematological conditions. 

Publications: 

Simpson, E., Klaassen, R. J., Chakraborty, P., Potter, B., Kirby-Allen, M. A., Odame, I., Williams, S., Athale, U., Jardine, L., Gibson, P. J., Silva, M., Merelles-Pulcini, M., Bowerman, B., Petrcich, W., & Benchimol, E. I. (2018). Increasing Incidence and Prevalence of Pathologic Hemoglobinopathies Among Children in Ontario, Canada from 1991-2013. Blood, 132(Supplement 1), 4698–4698. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-110468 

Kulandaivelu, Y., Lalloo, C., Ward, R., Zempsky, W. T., Kirby-Allen, M., Breakey, V. R., Odame, I., Campbell, F., Amaria, K., Simpson, E. A., Nguyen, C., George, T., & Stinson, J. N. (2018). Exploring the Needs of Adolescents With Sickle Cell Disease to Inform a Digital Self-Management and Transitional Care Program: Qualitative Study. JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting, 1(2), e11058–e11058. https://doi.org/10.2196/11058 

Dr Ewurabena Simpson